Probate Process Malaysia: Step-by-Step Guide 马来西亚遗嘱认证流程：分步指南

By TrusteeMalaysia.com Editorial Team | Published: June 10, 2026 作者：TrusteeMalaysia.com 编辑团队 | 发布时间：2026年6月10日

1. Grant of Probate (GP) vs. Letters of Administration (LA) 1. 遗嘱认证书（GP）与遗产管理书（LA）的对比

When a person passes away in Malaysia, their assets are legally frozen. To unlock, manage, and distribute these assets, a legal authority must be obtained from the High Court. The path to obtaining this authority depends on whether the deceased left a valid will. If there is a valid will, the appointed executor applies for a Grant of Probate (GP) under the Probate and Administration Act 1959. If there is no valid will, the deceased is said to have died intestate, and the family must apply for Letters of Administration (LA). 在马来西亚，当一个人去世时，其资产将被依法冻结。为了解锁、管理和分配这些资产，必须从高等法院获得法定授权。获得此授权的途径取决于已故者是否留下了有效遗嘱。如果有有效遗嘱，指定的执行人将根据《1959年遗嘱认证与管理法令》申请遗嘱认证书（Grant of Probate - GP）。如果没有有效遗嘱，则死者被视为无遗嘱死亡，家属必须申请遗产管理书（Letters of Administration - LA）。

The legal difference has severe practical implications. The GP application is direct and fast, taking typically 3 to 6 months. In contrast, the LA application is complex and slow, taking typically 1 to 3 years. This is because the heirs must agree on who will act as the administrator, locate two sureties to provide an administration bond (guaranteeing the value of the estate unless waived), and seek consent from all legal beneficiaries. 这种法律差异在实际操作中带来了严重的影响。GP申请直接且快捷，通常需要3至6个月。相比之下，LA申请复杂且缓慢，通常需要1至3年的时间。这是因为继承人必须就谁来担任遗产管理人达成一致、寻找两名担保人提供遗产管理担保（除非获得豁免，否则需担保等同于遗产价值的金额），并获得所有法定受益人的同意。

2. Step-by-Step Guide to the Probate (GP) Process 2. 遗嘱认证（GP）流程分步指南

If the deceased left a valid will, the probate process involves the following key steps: 如果已故者留下了有效遗嘱，遗嘱认证流程包括以下关键步骤：

1. Locate the Will: The family must find the original copy of the will. If kept in safe custody with a trust company, they must request its release. 寻找遗嘱：家属必须找到遗嘱原件。如果是存放在信托公司安全托管，他们必须申请取回。
2. Appoint a Lawyer: The executor hires a probate lawyer to draft and file the petition for probate in the High Court. 聘请律师：执行人聘请遗嘱认证律师起草并向高等法院提交遗嘱认证呈请。
3. Filing Petition: The lawyer files the original will, death certificate, and asset inventory. The court schedules a hearing. 提交呈请：律师提交遗嘱原件、死亡证明和资产清单。法院会安排听证会。
4. Court Hearing and Grant: The executor attends the court hearing. Once satisfied, the High Court issues the Grant of Probate. 法庭听证与授出：执行人出席法庭听证会。一旦审核通过，高等法院将授出遗嘱认证书（GP）。
5. Asset Liquidation and Debt Settlement: The executor uses the GP to close bank accounts, pay off the deceased's debts, settle income tax with the Inland Revenue Board (LHDN), and clear liabilities. 资产变现与债务清偿：执行人使用GP去关闭银行账户、偿还逝者债务、结清内陆税收局（LHDN）的个人所得税，并清偿债务。
6. Distribution: The executor distributes the remaining assets to the beneficiaries named in the will, providing a final estate account. 遗产分配：执行人将剩余资产分配给遗嘱中指定的受益人，并提供最终的遗产账目。

3. Step-by-Step Guide to the Letters of Administration (LA) Process 3. 遗产管理书（LA）流程分步指南

If the deceased died intestate, the family must navigate a more arduous process to obtain the LA: 如果已故者无遗嘱去世，其家庭必须经历一个更为艰难的过程来获取LA：

1. Determine Administrators: The family must agree on who will act as the administrator. Up to four administrators can be appointed. Consent/renunciation forms must be signed by other heirs. 确定管理人：家属必须就谁来担任遗产管理人达成一致。最多可指定四名管理人。其他继承人必须签署同意书/放弃声明书。
2. Choose the Jurisdiction: Depending on the estate value: 选择管辖机构：根据遗产价值：
   • If the estate consists of land/property and is valued under RM2 million, family can apply at the Land Office (District Land Administrator). 如果遗产包含土地/房产且价值在200万令吉以下，家属可向土地局（区土地管理局）申请。
   • If the estate is cash-only and under RM600,000, they can apply to Amanah Raya Berhad (Public Trustee). 如果遗产仅为现金且在600,000令吉以下，他们可以向公共受托人（Amanah Raya Berhad）申请。
   • For all other estates, or estates valued above RM2 million, they must petition the High Court. 对于所有其他遗产，或估值超过200万令吉的遗产，他们必须向高等法院提交呈请。
3. Secure Administration Bond: For High Court petitions, the administrators must find two sureties (guarantors) who own assets equivalent to the gross estate value, unless waived by court order. 获取遗产管理担保：对于向高等法院提交的呈请，管理人必须寻找两位拥有与遗产总值等额资产的担保人（保证人），除非获得法院免除命令。
4. Obtain the LA: The court or authority issues the Letters of Administration. 获得LA：法院或有关机构发给遗产管理书。
5. Collect Assets and Clear Debts: The administrator gathers the frozen assets, pays outstanding taxes (LHDN), and clears loans. 整理资产与清偿债务：管理人收集被冻结的资产、支付未结税款（LHDN）并清偿贷款。
6. Distribution under the Law: The administrator distributes the assets strictly according to the Distribution Act 1958, which can be rigid and complex. 依法分配：管理人严格根据《1958年分配法令》分配资产，这可能比较刻板和复杂。

4. Professional Administration Fees and Expenses 4. 专业遗产管理费与开销

The financial cost of administering an estate includes court filing fees, advertising fees, legal service fees, and executor fees. For a standard estate applying for a Grant of Probate, legal fees generally range from RM3,500 to RM10,000 depending on the number of properties and bank accounts. For Letters of Administration petitions, legal fees are higher due to the extra paperwork (sureties waiver, consents) and typically range from RM6,000 to RM18,000. 管理遗产的财务成本包括法院登记费、登报公告费、法律服务费和执行人费。对于申请遗嘱认证书的标准遗产，根据房产和银行账户的数量，律师费通常在3,500令吉至10,000令吉之间。对于申请遗产管理书的诉讼，由于需要额外文书（如申请免除担保人、继承人同意书等），律师费通常更高，一般在6,000令吉至18,000令吉之间。

If a professional corporate trustee company is appointed as executor or administrator, their estate administration fees typically range from 1.0% to 2.0% of the gross estate value. While this fee is charged upon death, it removes the immense administrative burden and emotional stress from the grieving family. 如果指定专业法人受托公司作为执行人或遗产管理人，他们的遗产管理费通常为总资产价值的1.0%至2.0%。虽然这笔费用是在去世后才收取的，但它能够消除悲痛中家人的巨大行政负担和心理压力。

Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal or financial advice. 免责声明：本内容仅供学习参考之用，并不构成任何法律或财务建议。

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